Doc Holley


United States Government

Course Description:

The United States Government (semester) course is designed for students to study the development and application of the American democratic principles and the United States Constitution. Students will investigate the rights, responsibilities, and duties of American citizenship at the national, state, and local level including political and civic participation to engage in the protection of individual and group civil rights and civil liberties. Students will study how public policy is created at all levels of government and how citizens engage in and respond to information on public policy issues.

Academic Standards:              CCRS for History and SS

 

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Grading Policy:


Scope & Sequence of Knowledge and Skills - U.S. Government - click here.

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Basic Weekly Assignments:


1.   You are responsible for reading one to two chapters per week and creating an outline of each chapter. The reading assignments are to be completed at home. The outline will be graded on its accuracy, completeness, and neatness. For more information on developing outlining skills and an example of the format for a chapter outline ... Click here! HOW TO DO A CHAPTER OUTLINE: The Basics.


2.   There will be a special focus on developing Literacy Skills - VOCABULARY - Project-based lessons/learning activities - Peer Collaboration & Evaluation will sync with Text- Learning Objectives- Historical Thinking SKILLS!


3.   Resources and access to online learning programs will be readily available. Students will take advantage of multiple learning platforms. I often give at least one digital binder/folder grade each week. 

LESSONS

UNIT ONE -        FOUNDATIONS of AMERICAN                                              GOVERNMENT

WEEK 1 -

Chapter 1          Foundations of Government

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1 Foundations of American Democracy The principles of American democracy are reflected in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and in the organization and actions of federal, state, and local government entities. The interpretation and application of American democratic principles continue to evolve and be debated. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What are the purposes of government?

What principles guide different types of government?

What is the role of government in different types of economic systems?

Text: 1 - 32

Vocabulary: anarchy, government, nation, state, country, sovereignty, divine right, social contract, unitary system, confederacy, federal system, constitution, constitutional government, authoritarian, totalitarian, dictatorship, oligarchy, monarchy, democracy, republic, economics, capitalism, free market, free enterprise, laissez- faire, mixed economy, socialism, democratic socialist, command economy, bourgeoisie, proletariat, communism

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):   LQ 1, 2, 3     VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

GROUP DIALOGUE:                       (CCRS SS Literacy SL1-4) Page 34

1.   Is the main purpose of government ... to protect the rights of the individual OR for the common good of the community as a whole? WHY? Provide evidence and/or textual support for your opinion.


2.   Which form of government is best for that particular purpose of government? WHY? Provide evidence and/or textual support for your opinion.


3.   Which form of government is best suited for economic prosperity (for the individual... for the community as a whole)? WHY? Provide evidence and/or textual support for your opinion. 

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment / Extra Credit:

1. Write a comprehensive paragraph in which you explain why the Founders adopted a Federal system of government instead of a unitary system .

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 2 -

Chapter 2          Origins of American Government

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1 Foundations of American Democracy The principles of American democracy are reflected in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and in the organization and actions of federal, state, and local government entities. The interpretation and application of American democratic principles continue to evolve and be debated. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What influences the development of our government institutions?

Why and how did our colonists declare independence?

Text: 33 - 64

Vocabulary: limited government, representative government, charter, revenue, embargo, boycott, human rights, unicameral, currency, tariff, creditor, treaty, bicameral, interstate commerce, extralegal

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):   PBL GAME ON !         Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4     VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 3 -

Chapter 3                The Constitution

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G2 Civil Rights and Civil Liberties The United States Constitution aims to protect individual freedoms and rights that have been extended to more groups of people over time. These rights and freedoms continue to be debated, extended to additional people, and defined through judicial interpretation. In engaging in issues of civic debate, citizens act with an appreciation of differences and are able to participate in constructive dialogue with those who hold different perspectives. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How does the US Constitution structure government and divide power between the national and state government?

Why and how has the US Constitution been amended and interpreted throughout our history?

How do state constitutions and local charters structure government and protect individual right?

Text: 65 - 98

Vocabulary: article, amendment, enumerated powers, elastic clause, jurisdiction, judicial revue, convention, repeal, incorporation doctrine, militia, probable cause, eminent domain, impeach, Supremacy Clause

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):   PBL    EDITOR IN CHIEF     Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4     VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bO7FQsCcbD8          Constitution


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xklT6515RI               Constitutions

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 4 -

Chapter 4                   Federalism

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1e The powers not delegated specifically in the Constitution are reserved to the states. Though the powers and responsibilities of the federal government have expanded over time, there is an ongoing debate over this shift in power and responsibility. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): Why and how is power divided and shared among national, state, and local governments?

How does federalism promote democracy and civic participation?

Text: 99 - 126

Vocabulary: federalism, delegated powers, expressed powers, implied powers, reserved powers, concurrent powers, supremacy clause, enabling act, federal grant, mandate, restraint, preemption, extradite, interstate compact, public policy, sunset law, states' rights position, nationalist position

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s)

THE FEDERALIST PAPERS -

Chapter Quiz:

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4     VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Group / Engagement: Topic - I

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

UNIT TWO - THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH   

WEEK 5 -

Chapter 5            The Structure of Congress

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1 Foundations of American Democracy The principles of American democracy are reflected in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and in the organization and actions of federal, state, and local government entities. The interpretation and application of American democratic principles continue to evolve and be debated. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What is the structure and organization of Congress?

Text:127 - 168

Vocabulary: bicameral legislature, session, census, reapportionment, redistrict, gerrymander, at-large, censure, incumbent, constituent, caucus, majority leader, whip, bill, calendar, concurrent jurisdiction, quorum, president pro tempore, unanimous consent, hold, filibuster, cloture resolution, standing committee, subcommittee, select committee, joint committee, conference committee, seniority system, personal staff, committee staff, legislative assistant, a caseworker

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Background Information:

The Senate & The House of Representatives:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iu8xZiqW3yg


Congressional Committees:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evLR90Dx79M

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL -

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 6      Congressional Powers

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1 Foundations of American Democracy The principles of American democracy are reflected in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and in the organization and actions of federal, state, and local government entities. The interpretation and application of American democratic principles continue to evolve and be debated. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How have the powers of Congress changed over time?

Text:169 - 196

Vocabulary: expressed powers, necessary and proper clause, implied powers, revenue bill, appropriation bill, authorization bill, interstate commerce, copyright, patent, impeachment, subpoena, perjury, contempt, immunity, legislative oversight, legislative vote, divided government, national budget, impoundment, line-item veto

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 6 -

Chapter 7                 Congress at Work

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1 Foundations of American Democracy The principles of American democracy are reflected in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and in the organization and actions of federal, state, and local government entities. The interpretation and application of American democratic principles continue to evolve and be debated. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How does a bill become a law?

How does the government raise and allocate money?

What factors influence government decision making?

Text:197 - 228

Vocabulary: private bill, public bill, joint resolution, simple resolution, concurrent resolution, rider, hearing, veto, pocket veto, tax, closed rule, open rule, appropriation, authorization bill, continuing resolution, earmark, entitlement, interest group, lobbyist, lobbying, casework, pork-barrel legislation, logrolling

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work:

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

Congress Spending YOUR Money - Taxes! The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly?

LOBBYING & Interest Groups

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 8          State and Local Legislative Branch

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1b The Constitution created a unique political system that distributes powers and responsibilities among three different branches of government at the federal level and between state and federal governments. State constitutions address similar structures and responsibilities for their localities. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How are state and legislative branches structured?

How can citizens participate in state and local government?

How are laws created at the state and local levels?

Text: 229 - 254

Vocabulary: unicameral, bicameral, lieutenant governor, special session, blanket primary, county, county board, zoning code, municipality, ordinance, township, town meeting, direct democracy, special district, public policy, mass transit

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

LQ 1, 2, 3    VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

UNIT THREE-     THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

WEEK 7 -

Chapter 9                   The Presidency

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G5a Each level of government has its own process of shaping, implementing, amending, and enforcing public policy. Customarily the executive branch will outline its plan and agenda in an executive address to the legislative body. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What are the powers and role of the president and how have they changed over time?

Text: 255 - 286

Vocabulary: inherent powers, executive privilege, mandate, impeach, executive order, impound, reprieve, pardon, amnesty, civilian, national security, reauthorize, military tribunal, treaty, executive agreement, Federal Reserve System, Council of Economic Advisors, political patronage

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

POWERS, ROLES, and RULES of the PRESIDENT:

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 10              Choosing the President

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G4a Depending on the level of government and type of election, there are different processes and mechanisms within the United States electoral and representational systems, including the electoral college and winner-take-all systems. Advantages and drawbacks of election processes and mechanisms continue to be an issue of ongoing debate in the United States.

/ Cont...

Essential Question(s): What are the key components of presidential leadership?

What are the structure and functions of the executive branch?

Why and how has the process for nominating and electing presidents changed over time?

Text: 287 - 312

Vocabulary: landslide, compensation, presidential succession, elector, Electoral College, winner-take-all system, political action committee PAC, Federal Election Commission FEC, primary, caucus, convention, a third-party candidate

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

LQ 1, 2, 3      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL YOU ARE A CAMPAIGN MANAGER!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Research: What is campaign management? What does a campaign manager do?

What skills would a successful campaign manager possess?


1. Create a plan of action for a candidate of your choice (REP or DEM)

a. What five things form your party "platform." WHY?

b. In what five states would you spend most of your time / resources?

WHY?

c. How would you raise funds for your campaign? How will you spend it?

2. Create a Single Page Advertisement / Powerpoint Slide

a. Must have at least one image.

b. Must have a slogan.

c. Must have at least one statistic/number. 

Campaign Manager Videos:

Political Advertisement Videos:

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 8 -

Chapter 11    Structure & Functions of the Executive Branch

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G5a Each level of government has its own process of shaping, implementing, amending, and enforcing public policy. Customarily the executive branch will outline its plan and agenda in an executive address to the legislative body. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What are the structure and functions of the executive branch?

How does the federal bureaucracy regulate individuals, communities, and businesses?

Text: 313 - 348

Vocabulary: cabinet, leak, National Security Advisor, White House chief of staff, press secretary, ambassador, embassy, government corporation, spoils system, civil service system, whistleblower, recuse, public policy, bureaucrat, liaison officer, stakeholder, injunction, client group, iron triangle, deregulate, red tape

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL    GAME ON !         Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 12        State and Local Executive Branches

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G1e The powers not delegated specifically in the Constitution are reserved to the states. Though the powers and responsibilities of the federal government have expanded over time, there is an ongoing debate over this shift in power and responsibility. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How are states and local executive branches structured?

What are the characteristics of effective governors and mayors?

Text: 349 - 380

Vocabulary: governor, gubernatorial, lieutenant governor, line-item veto, National Guard, special district, mayor-council form, strong-mayor system, weak-mayor system, municipality, plurality, recall, block grant, public utility, workers' compensation, unemployment compensation, zoning, suburb, infrastructure, mass transit

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL    EDITOR IN CHIEF     Click here

LQ 1, 2, 3      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

UNIT FOUR - THE JUDICIAL BRANCH

WEEK 9 -

Chapter 13          Federal and State Court Systems

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G2c An independent judicial system is an integral part of the process that interprets and defends citizens’ freedoms and rights. Issues pertaining to the flexibility of judicial interpretation and the impartiality of justices in practice are continued sources of public debate. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What is the role of the judicial system in our democracy?

What are the purposes of trials and appeals in our court systems?

How are federal, state, and local courts organized?

Text: 381 - 410

Vocabulary: law, judicial review, unconstitutional, impartial, criminal trial court, civil trial court, original jurisdiction, adversarial system, inquisitorial system , plaintiff, prosecutor, defendant, jury, public defender, plea bargain, grand jury, indictment, error of law, procedural due process, majority opinion, dissenting opinion, concurring ipinion, precedent, stare decisis, statute, general jurisdiction, limited jurisdiction, regional circuit, court-martial, reservation, tribal courts

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL    DOING A DOCUMENTARY    Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IGyx5UEwgtA   Structure of the Court System


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4GU1ha2Pq8  What are the Court Systems

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 14            The Supreme Court of the U.S.

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G2c An independent judicial system is an integral part of the process that interprets and defends citizens’ freedoms and rights. Issues pertaining to the flexibility of judicial interpretation and the impartiality of justices in practice are continued sources of public debate. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What influences how the Supreme Court selects cases, decides cases, and interprets the Constitution?

What affects the selection process for Supreme Court justices?

Text: 411 - 436

Vocabulary: advisory opinion, writ of certiorari, law clerk, rule of four, brief, amicus curiae, unanimous ruling, Supreme Court justice, contentious, appellate litigation, judicial restraint, judicial activism, originalism, "living" constitution

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4      VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sualy8OiKk           The Supreme Court


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWYFwl93uCM     Judicial Review


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjLcLguoKC4         Judicial Decisions

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 10 -

Chapter 15             Constitutional Freedoms

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G2a Equality before the law and due process are two fundamental values that apply to all under the jurisdiction of the United States. While the United States legal system aims to uphold the values of equality before the law, due process, human dignity, freedom of conscience, inalienable rights, and civility, the extent to which the legal system upholds these values in practice is an issue of ongoing civic debate. 12.G2b The Constitution aims to protect, among other freedoms, individual and group rights to freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, freedom of petition, and freedom of religion. The extent to which these ideals exist in practice and how these protections should be applied in a changing world continues to be an issue of ongoing civic debate. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What restrictions, if any, should be placed on our constitutional rights and freedoms?

Why are the freedoms in the Bill of Rights and later amendments essential to our democracy?

How have citizen movements and social movements brought about political and social change?

Text: 437 - 480

Vocabulary: pure speech, symbolic speech, obscenity, defamation, slander, libel, "fighting words", commercial speech, seditious speech, censorship, prior restraint, gag order, sequester, petition, establishment clause, secular, free exercise clause, graven image, Jim Crow laws, substantive due process, equal protection clause, rational basis, strict scrutiny, substantial relationship, incorporation doctrine, selective incorporation, discrimination, civil rights movement, sit-in, picket, disability, affirmative action, racial quota, militia, surveillance, wiretap

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zeeq0qaEaLw       Freedom of Speech


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8dI1GTWCk4      Freedom of Religion


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbwsF-A2sTg        Civil Rights & Liberties

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 16           Constitutional Right to a Fair Trial

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G2c An independent judicial system is an integral part of the process that interprets and defends citizens’ freedoms and rights. Issues pertaining to the flexibility of judicial interpretation and the impartiality of justices in practice are continued sources of public debate. 12.G2d The definition of civil rights has broadened over the course of United States history, and the number of people and groups legally ensured of these rights has also expanded. However, the degree to which rights extend equally and fairly to all (e.g., race, class, gender, sexual orientation) is a continued source of civic contention / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How does our democracy protect the rights of the individuals suspected, accused, convicted, or acquitted of crimes?

How does our democracy balance the rights of the defendant and the search for truth?

Text: 481 - 504

Vocabulary: criminal justice process, evidence, prosecute, search warrant, probable cause, contraband, arrest, exclusionary rule, interrogation, self-incrimination, Miranda rights, presumption of innocence, pleas bargain, counsel, acquittal, indigent, cross-examination, status offense, sentence, ex post facto clause, three-strikes laws, capital punishment, treason, espionage, double jeopardy

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

LQ 1, 2, 3       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UyHWRXAAgmQ        Due Process


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q2OwYkTWjM            Speed Trial


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXw-hEB263k             Legal System Basics

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

UNIT FIVE -      PARTICIPATING in GOVERNMENT

WEEK 11 -

Chapter 17                   Political Parties

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G4d The United States and individual states have political party systems, and the political parties represent specific political, economic, and social philosophies. Debate over the role and influence of political parties continues, although they play a significant role in United States elections and politics. The role of political parties and the platforms they represent varies between states in the United States. 1 / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How does the two-party system influence American democracy?

Text: 505 - 536

Vocabulary: political party, patronage, one-party system, two-party system, coalition government, third party, single- issue party, ideological party, splinter party,

single-member district, proportional representation, liberal, conservative, moderate, Democratic Party, Republican Party, platform, party identification, independent, polarize, centrist, canvass, petition, caucus, direct primary, closed primary, open primary, plurality, ticket

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL -    SHOW ME THE MONEY !     Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3     VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VEmOUHxessE       Political Parties


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_ss4WEN3ZI         Ideologies of Parties


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkltAl_cO5Y            Party Systems

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

Chapter 18           Voting and Elections

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G4b Allowing citizens to vote does not ensure that a system is a democracy. Open, safe, and honest elections are essential to a democratic system. Engaged and informed citizens should know the mechanics associated with voting, including when major local, state, and national elections are held, how to register to vote, who currently holds each office, who is running for office, and what the central issues are pertaining to that election. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): Who should have the right to vote in a democracy?

What factors influence voters and election campaigns?

What are the key steps in voting?

Text: 537 - 568

Vocabulary: election, voting, suffrage, disenfranchise, grandfather clause, literacy test, poll tax, midterm election, legislative referendum, popular referendum, initiative, cross- pressured voter, straight party ticket, campaign manager, propaganda, corruption, hard money, political action committee PAC, soft money, SuperPAC, compulsory voting, recall, polling place, precinct, early voting, absentee ballot, canvassing board

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL GAME ON !         Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48EZKXweGDo            Election Basics


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRu_JcarCDY&t=20s   How do they Work


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A5QlpAyKSQ              Political Campaigns

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 12 -

Chapter 19         Public Opinion and Interest Groups

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G4c In addition to voting, there are many ways in which citizens can participate in the electoral process. These include joining a political organization, donating money, and doing volunteer work on a political campaign. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): In what ways can public opinion affect government policy?

How do special interest groups seek to influence U.S. public policy?

Text: 569 - 602

Vocabulary: political socialization, peer group, mass media, political culture, political efficacy, interest group, public opinion, straw poll, biased sample, universe,

representative sample, random sampling, sampling error, push polling, exit poll, interest group, civil society, public interest group, lobby, lobbyist, grassroots lobbying 

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL YOU'RE ON TV NEWS!    Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJLDgb8m3K0       Public Opinion


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NflULVECAFQ         Shaping Public Opinion


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOvBA7oIIgc            Interest Groups

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

UNIT SIX -      GOVERNMENT in ACTION

WEEK 13-

Chapter 20           Mass Media in the Digital Age

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G5d Active and engaged citizens must be effective media consumers in order to be able to find, monitor, and evaluate information on political issues. The media have different venues, which have particular strengths and serve distinct and shared purposes. Knowing how to critically evaluate a media source is fundamental to being an informed citizen. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What role does the mass media play in the U.S. political system?

How do the Internet and social media affect the U.S. political process?

Text: 603 - 632

Vocabulary: mass media, journalist, news release, news briefing, press conference, leak, media event, horse-race coverage, front-runner, spot advertising, prior restraint, libel, defamation, Freedom of Information Act FOIA, shield law, fairness doctrine, embedded journalist, blog, electronic mailing list, action alert, electronic petition, e- commerce

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):   PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

GROUP DIALOGUE:                       (CCRS SS Literacy SL1-4) Page 34

PBL    DOING A DOCUMENTARY    Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6F0g4N415uw       Media Institution


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOLdnPUJfnE      Evolution of Mass Media


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6LKl4RKIew          Media Regulation

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 14 -

Chapter 21               Financing Government

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G5c Successful implementation of government policy often requires cooperation between many levels of government, as well as the cooperation of other public and private institutions. Conflicts between different levels of government sometimes emerge due to different goals, ideas, and resources regarding the creation and implementation of policy. 12.G5d Active and engaged citizens must be effective media consumers in order to be able to find, monitor, and evaluate information on political issues. The media have different venues, which have particular strengths and serve distinct and shared purposes. Knowing how to critically evaluate a media source is fundamental to being an informed citizen. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): What role does the government play in managing the economy?

How does the government raise and allocate money?

Text: 633 - 667

Vocabulary: budget, revenue, budget-surplus, budget deficit, national debt, fiscal year, expenditure, uncontrollable, entitlement, tax, excise tax, protective tariff, progressive tax, regressive tax, marginal tax rate, taxable income, dependent , withholding, security, economic indicators, fiscal policy, monetary policy, gross domestic product GDP, Federal Reserve System discount rate, open-market operations, reserve requirement, severance tax, block grant, bond, real property, personal property, market value, special assessment

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL    EDITOR IN CHIEF     Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPfNgTrWKyE      Campaign Finance


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOiw5aBrm4Y     Financial Condition


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tULRch1PRQ    Monetary and Fiscal Policy

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 15 -

Chapter 22          Making Social and Domestic Policy

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G5a Each level of government has its own process of shaping, implementing, amending, and enforcing public policy. Customarily the executive branch will outline its plan and agenda in an executive address to the legislative body. 12.G5b On various issues, certain governmental branches and agencies are responsible for determining policy. Those who create public policies attempt to balance regional and national needs, existing political positions and loyalties, and sources of political power. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How is social and domestic policy created and implemented?

How do citizens influence government social and domestic policy?

How do social and domestic policies affect U.S. society and culture?

Text: 667 - 704

Vocabulary: mixed economy, tariff, subsidy, trust, monopoly, interlocking directorate, oligopoly, security, collective bargaining, closed shop, right-to-work law, price supports, citizen suit, renewable energy, income security program, unemployment insurance,

Medicare, public housing, citizen, citizenship, naturalization, collective naturalization, quotas, amnesty, visa, green card, asylum, refugee

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlxLX8Fto_A           Social Policy


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fA9Lm-7VAM         Domestic Policy

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 16 -

Chapter 23         Making Foreign and Defense Policy

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 12.G5a Each level of government has its own process of shaping, implementing, amending, and enforcing public policy. Customarily the executive branch will outline its plan and agenda in an executive address to the legislative body. 12.G5b On various issues, certain governmental branches and agencies are responsible for determining policy. Those who create public policies attempt to balance regional and national needs, existing political positions and loyalties, and sources of political power. / Cont...

Essential Question(s): How does U.S. foreign policy affect other countries and regions?

How is foreign policy made and implemented?

How is foreign policy affected by the separation of powers?

Text: 705 - 734

Vocabulary: foreign policy, national security, isolationism, containment, terrorism, bilateral agreement, multilateral agreement, sanction, alliance, regional security pact, collective security, bilateral treaty, blockade, ambassador, treaty, executive agreement, embassy, consulate, passport, conscription

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL    GAME ON !         Click here!

LQ 1, 2, 3, 4       VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMhIQNkO_Y0           Foreign Policy


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NXemNbB8uA           Making Foreign & Defense

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 17 -

Chapter 24    Comparing Political & Economic Systems

Opening:

Standards / Objectives - 

Essential Question(s): What are the advantages and disadvantages of different types of political systems?

How do nations and citizens interact in the global political and economic arenas?

Text: 735 - 756

Vocabulary: parliamentary government, prime minister, presidential government, intergovernmental organization IGO, nongovernmental organization NGO, communism, capitalism, socialism, entrepreneur, profit, patent, mixed economy, tariff, quota, trading bloc, developing nation

Assignment / Monitoring - Chapter Outline

Work Session:   

Flexible Grouping / Active Student Engagement: P5BL Guidelines Info Sheet

Task(s):    PBL - Group Work: Update Impeachment Project - Time Line & Evidence

PBL    GAME ON !         Click here!

LQ 1 2 3        VOCABULARY - C.O.D.E. Matrix

Video(s):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B43YEW2FvDs    Economic Systems


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yLY06tTQ1A       Market Economy


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AX988fq3cXY       Political Ideology & Economics


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3u4EFTwprM     Capitalism & Socialism

CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2

Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.


CCRSL.ELA-LITERACY SL.9-10.5 Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual, graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements) in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest.

Video Analysis Worksheet - Click here!

Closing:

Clarification / Mastery -    Differentiation & Enrichment

Assessment(s):  Observation, Oral responses, Written responses.  /   Chapter Test.

WEEK 18 -           Review & FINAL EXAM

~~~~~

INTERNET RESOURCES:

THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Most Important SUPREME COURT CASES:

Marbury v. Madison, 1803 (4-0 decision)

Established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review over Congress.


McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 (7-0 decision)

Established the federal government's implied powers over the states.


Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857 (7-2 decision)

Denied citizenship to African American slaves.


Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 (7-1 decision)

Upheld "separate but equal" segregation laws in states.


Korematsu v. United States, 1944 (6-3 decision)

Upheld internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.


Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 (9-0 decision)

Separating black and white students in public schools is unconstitutional.


Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963 (9-0 decision)

Criminal defendants have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one.


New York Times v. Sullivan, 1964 (9-0 decision)

Lawsuits based on libel or defamation must show intent or recklessness.


Miranda v. Arizona, 1966 (5-4 decision)

Prisoners must be advised of their rights before being questioned by police.


Loving v. Virginia, 1967 (9-0 decision)

Invalidated state laws prohibiting interracial marriage.

Recommendations for a Supreme Court vacancy can come from a variety of places. Once confirmed, justices can serve for as long as they want. USA TODAY NETWORK


Roe v. Wade, 1973 (7-2 decision)

Women have a constitutional right to an abortion during the first two trimesters.


United States v. Nixon, 1974 (8-0 decision)

President cannot use executive privilege to withhold evidence from criminal trial.

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 1978 (5-4 decision)

Upheld use of race as one of many factors in college admissions.


Bush v. Gore, 2000 (5-4 decision)

No recount of the 2000 presidential election was feasible in a reasonable time period.


Lawrence v. Texas, 2003 (6-3 decision)

Struck down state laws that prohibited sodomy between consenting adults.


District of Columbia v. Heller, 2008 (5-4 decision)

Citizens have a right to possess firearms at home for self-defense.


Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 2010 (5-4 decision)

Corporations and unions can spend unlimited amounts in elections.


National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, 2012 (5-4 decision)

Upheld the mandate that most Americans have health insurance.


Shelby County v. Holder, 2013 (5-4 decision)

States and localities do not need federal approval to change voting laws.


United States v. Windsor, 2013 (5-4 decision)

Federal government must provide benefits to legally married same-sex couples.


Obergefell v. Hodges, 2015 (5-4 decision)

Same-sex marriage is legalized across all 50 states.